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.html
HyperText Markup Language
HTML is the standard markup language for documents designed to be displayed in a web browser. It can be assisted by technologies such as Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) and scripting languages such as JavaScript.
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History & Origin
Created by Tim Berners-Lee in 1990. It has evolved through various versions (2.0, 3.2, 4.01, XHTML) to the current active standard, HTML5.
Internal Structure
HTML documents consist of a tree of elements denoted by tags (e.g., <head>, <body>, <div>). The browser parses this tree to construct the DOM (Document Object Model).
Advantages
- Universal: The foundation of the web.
- Semantics: Provides meaning to content (headers, lists, articles).
- Accessibility: Screen readers rely on HTML structure.
Disadvantages
- Static: Cannot perform logic or calculations without JavaScript.
- Browser differences: Rendering can vary slightly between browsers.
- Verbosity: Can become cluttered with nested tags.
Common Use Cases
Web pages
Email templates
Help documentation
User interfaces (Electron apps)
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